911 Reenvisioned

Background

The 911 system facilitates emergency response to hundreds of millions of calls each year—but by design or default, the system initiates an armed law enforcement response whether that’s what a situation calls for or not. We’ve seen over and over again that an armed law enforcement response is not a one-size-fits-all solution.

Final Designs

Challenge

Design a mobile app using Adobe XD and implementing the Apple iOS design style and guidelines. Define the target user, the emergency scenarios to cover, and the kinds of response you want your app to provide to make emergency calls more efficient and fit specific emergency scenarios.

Scope

End-to-End App Design

Tools

Adobe XD
Miro
Figma

Role

UX/UI Designer

Proposal

Mental Health has become a heavy topic in our society today with the increase in deaths and harmed patients who may be suffering with an illness. One of the recurring problems is identifying the difference between a mental health crises and a mental health emergency. “A mental health emergency is a life threatening situation in which an individual is imminently threatening harm to self or others, severely disorientated or out of touch with reality, has a severe inability to function, or is otherwise distraught and out of control. ” The numbers to call for an emergency differ from that of a crisis. For example, during the covid-19 pandemic ” In March, the helpline saw a 338% increase in call volume compared with February, according to spokesperson with the agency. And compared to last year for the month of March, they had an 891% increase of calls.”(CNN). “The helpline is a free resource that is offering counseling and support to anyone in emotional distress due the disaster. They can provide advice on how to cope and offer information on how to spot signs of distress in friends and family members. Crisis counselors can also give callers referrals to local crisis centers for follow up care.” (CNN). The helpline is one of many resources to help people mentally through the crisis they may be facing.  Another article questions if crisis lines are meeting the needs of people especially during trivial times such as the pandemic. ”  A report by the Well Being Trust and the Robert Graham Center for Policy Studies in Family Medicine and Primary Care (Links to an external site.)<, for example, predicts as many as 75,000 additional “deaths of despair”—from suicide and drug and alcohol problems.”  These individuals may not have sought for help or were too much in a rough phase to know where to begin to seek help. The importance of having easy access to these helplines is high as ” “If you’re in intense emotional pain, it’s hard to gain access to your decision-making capacity,” she says. “Interventions that give people tools to manage their suicidal ideation head on” can help them through those feelings. “And we know that people are typically glad they’re alive once they’ve made it through.”  If individuals don’t have the resources or aren’t aware of which crisis line to call, it can put their life at risk. ”  It’s also difficult to say whether crisis lines and other services reach most of the people who need help. Data from SAMHSA and the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention estimate that each year more than 13 million people contemplate suicide, but the lifeline annually receives 500,000 suicide-related calls.” Because of the massive amount of people trying to seek help some people don’t receive the care they need and there could be factors that could speed up the call process so that each individual gets the help they need. “At present, the lifeline network is expected to take these calls. Congress will eventually make further infrastructure recommendations, as it’s likely 988 will lead to a much larger call volume, Draper says, ‘Just as 911 was a revolution for mobilizing law enforcement and emergency medical services funding and resources, 988 should significantly transform mental health crisis services in communities throughout the country,’ he says.”

Usually a mental health crisis can use the 911 number but the general public should have a way of identifying the difference and better understanding their situation in order to call the right hotline. It’s also important for more services to be available to the public that may require specific attention to reduce the number of calls from one hotline and based off this situation having the right kind of help in order to have better guidance in solving their problem.

Empathize

What it is: Empathy deals with a deep understanding of Users to identify their goals,needs,behaviors,motivation and pain points. This stage is crucial and fundamental to any product development.It was essential to conduct research in order to gain a deeper understanding of the problem as well as empathize with user needs and goals.

Research Goals
............

  • Identify information regarding the current statistics surrounding emergency help
  • Determine what solutions already exist and compare and contract their pros and cons
  • Understand how to produce a better solution for users

Assumptions
..............

  • There is a problem with the amount of emergency service calls received
  • There are some solutions already in the market place the specific scenario I want to tackle (mental health emergencies and crisis)

Methodology

Secondary 
Competitive Analysis
  • Determine who provides similar apps
  • Identify the strengths and weaknesses of each

Competitve Analysis

The competitive analysis was done in order to determine the strengths and weaknesses of competitors who target the same issue. After gathering research on each application and analyzing customer satisfaction as well as the reviews of the application, I was unable to uncover the pros and cons of each.

Define and Ideate

What is it:

Defining: Deals with synthesizing the research findings and creating user stories,scenarios and personas. Towards the end we are able to identify a problem statement that we will be solving in the remaining process. Identifying the right problem is as important as solving the problem.

Ideation: Ideation is the mode of the design process in which we concentrate on idea generation. Mentally it represents a process of ‘going wide’ in terms of concepts and outcomes. Ideation provides both the fuel and also the source material for building prototypes and getting innovative solutions in the hands of the users.

Methodology

User Flow Diagram:
  • identifies a path the user will take when using the app
  • This path is taken from launching the app to calling the necessary hotline

Wireframe Sketches

After completing the user flow chart, it was time to start creating wireframe sketches. Since this was an iOS application, I made sure to read the apple user interface guidelines before beginning the initial sketch phase. I had a compiled list of necessary components needed on the application in order to keep myself organized.
wireframes of product solution

Hi-Fidelity Frames and Prototype

What it is: Prototyping is an integral part of Design Thinking and User Experience design in general because it allows us to test our ideas quickly and improve on them in an equally timely fashion. Prototypes are created in different forms like paper prototyping, low, medium, and high-fidelity prototypes to test our ideas from initial conceptualization to final pixel perfect mockups. For the testing process, it is necessary to prototype screens using specific software programs. In this case I used Adobe XD to design and create my Hi-Fidelity screens and then ultimately prototype the screens to show functionality.

Usability Testing

What it is: Usability testing is done in order to determine how usable a design is in the hands of users. Do they understand how to use it without prompt or instruction? Is the language easy for them to understand? Can they achieve their goals?

Usability Test Plan

Objectives:
  1. Determine the user’s ability to navigate through the application
  2. Identify user’s pain points
  3. Determine each user’s thought processes while completing tasks
  4. Improve design functionality based on feedback
Test Method:In order to determine the usability of the application, users were given a set of 3 tasks and asked to record themselves completing these tasks as well as giving feedback on the overall functionality of the application. Notes were then taken based on user feedback to iterate designs.

Research analysis: Quantitative: Users found some functions of the application to be overwehleming sucha s the description of each healthline. Users also had some confusion while navigating through the prototype. Qualitative: Users found the user interface to be easy to understand and understood the function of majority components. Users complemented the onboarding experience and found it intuitive and helpful.Feedback was prioritized based off of bias and purpose of the application. If feedback aligned with the purpose and helped to add to the purpose, the design feedback was taken. However, some feedback was biased based off an individual and thus would require further statistical research in order to make iterations.

Implemented Designs

Takeaways

What have you learned about the design process while working through this project?
I learned that by using interface guidelines the actual design part of the project becomes a lot simpler and easier to do. The interface guidelines have a general list of things that are commonly implemented within applications and so by using them your app can look like it actually fits in the app store. I also realized how much in depth research works needs to be done before you can actually start creating wireframes and prototypes. This work helps identify user needs and makes sure that you target the problem at hand.

What was the most challenging part of this project?
Personally the most challenging part of the project was creating the actual screens and also trying to figure what screen would do what and how the overall architecture of the application would be. Although having done the research, there was so much to sort out from the research that I had to sit back and see if I could create collections of like items and see what screen would be the most suitable for each scenario. I didn’t want the application to be overwhelming but I also wanted it to meet all user needs.

How will you improve your design process for future projects?
For future projects I think I can begin to organize information early on in the process as opposed to when it is time to actually develop the screens. That way I have an idea of what screens need to be implemented rather than having to go back and forth between research and designing the screens to figure out how many screens I’ll have. I’ll also try to meet AAA requirements early on so that I don’t have to go back to the designs to change the colors.

What advice would you give other designers?
I would highly recommend following the apple guidelines. These guidelines are universal and can seriously guide you in what screens to develop and how to develop them. Because app design has so many branches, it can often become overwhelming when you don’t know what elements to use. The guidelines give you a really good head start and idea on what to build which then you can later on change to fit your app needs.
References: https://www.honolulu.hawaii.edu/sites/www.honolulu.hawaii.edu/files/wellness-difference-emergency-crisis.pdf. (n.d.).Recognizing a mental health crisis. Recognizing a Mental Health Crisis | New Vista. (n.d.). Retrieved September 13, 2021, from https://newvista.org/blog/recognizing-mental-health-crisis#:~:text=A%20crisis%20can%20be%20frustrating,is%20otherwise%20out%20of%20control (Links to an external site.).American Psychological Association. (n.d.). Are crisis lines meeting new mental health needs? American Psychological Association. Retrieved September 25, 2021, from https://www.apa.org/topics/covid-19/crisis-lines-mental-health.Jackson, A. (2020, April 10). A crisis Mental-health hotline has seen an 891% spike in calls. CNN. Retrieved September 25, 2021, from https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/10/us/disaster-hotline-call-increase-wellness-trnd/index.html (Links to an external site.).
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